Maintenance and Repairs of Cooperative Apartments: Rights and Remedies of Tenant-Shareholders

This comment examines the duties landlords have to maintain a habitable dwelling for tenants. It also recounts the various remedies tenants have when their landlord fails to meet its duties regarding habitability. The comment then goes on analyze whether or not these remedies are available to leaseholders of a cooperative apartment against the cooperative corporation that owns the apartment. In cases when those remedies are not available, this comment will recount what remedies are available

Maintenance and Repairs of Cooperative Apartments: Rights and Remedies of Tenant-Shareholders

This comment examines the duties landlords have to maintain a habitable dwelling for tenants. It also recounts the various remedies tenants have when their landlord fails to meet its duties regarding habitability. The comment then goes on analyze whether or not these remedies are available to leaseholders of a cooperative apartment against the cooperative corporation that owns the apartment. In cases when those remedies are not available, this comment will recount what remedies are available

Hereditary renal cell carcinoma syndromes: diagnosis, surveillance and management.

PURPOSE: Genetic factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with around 3% of cases having a family history. A greater knowledge of the genetics of inherited RCC has the potential to translate into novel therapeutic targets for sporadic RCC. METHODS: A literature review was performed summarising the current knowledge on hereditary RCC diagnosis, surveillance and management. RESULTS: Familial RCC is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, although inherited RCC may present without a relevant family history. A number of familial RCC syndromes have been identified. Familial non-syndromic RCC is suspected when ≥ 2 relatives are affected in the absence of syndromic features, although clear diagnostic criteria are lacking. Young age at onset and bilateral/multicentric tumours are recognised characteristics which should prompt molecular genetic analysis. Surveillance in individuals at risk of inherited RCC aims to prevent morbidity and mortality via early detection of tumours. Though screening and management guidelines for some inherited RCC syndromes (e.g. von Hippel-Lindau disease, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, hereditary leiomyomatosis) are well defined for rare cause of inherited RCC (e.g. germline BAP1 mutations), there is limited information regarding the lifetime RCC risks and the most appropriate screening modalities. CONCLUSION: Increasing knowledge of the natural history and genetic basis has led to characterisation and tailored management of hereditary RCC syndromes. International data sharing of inherited RCC gene variant information may enable evidence-based improvements in the diagnosis, surveillance protocols and management of these rare conditions

A More Stringent Criterion for Mental Disability Verification: Implications for Iowa and the Green Valley Area Education Agency

This Applied research project focused on the following: 1. The rationale for Iowa\u27s I.Q. criterion for a M.D. diagnosis. 2. The possible ramifications of a more restrictive M.D. criterion. 3. Qualitative differences in educational services students are likely to receive in a special education program verses a regular education program

The Application of Praxis in High School Classrooms: A Qualitative Case Study

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the application of educational research-based instructional methods by teachers in public secondary high school classrooms in Colorado. The use of educational research-based instructional methods will be defined as praxis. Bruner’s constructivist theory of learning and instruction guided this study. This qualitative case study employed an epistemological perspective that provided the framework for predicting, describing, empowering, and deconstructing worldviews by increasing the knowledge that leads to further understanding of the application of praxis in public secondary high school classrooms. The setting was Colorado public high schools. Data were collected from interviews, observations, and document analysis. Data were organized by employing a single-case analysis utilizing Yin’s five-phase cycle of data analysis. Data were triangulated to compose the narrative case study findings. Three themes emerged from the data: pedagogical expertise, factors, and a transforming focus. The implications of this study reveal the possible need for reform in education policy and teacher practices. Findings revealed that the theoretical and empirical implications include proposing a transformation in the purpose of a teacher, effectiveness, and student learning

Pioneer Mother Monuments: Constructing Cultural Memory

Review of: Pioneer Mother Monuments: Constructing Cultural Memory, by Cynthia Culver Prescott

Treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a review

Abstract Objectives This review surveys current pharmacotherapies available for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), emphasising their mechanisms of action. Methods A comprehensive literature review focusing on the ‘pharmacotherapy and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy’ was conducted. The Database of International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, EMBASE, PubMed, OVID, Scopus, Google and Google Scholar were searched, and reference lists of relevant articles were also included. Key findings Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is often inadequately treated, and the role of improving glycaemic control specifically in type-2 diabetes remains unclear. It is crucial to explore the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of available therapies. Major international clinical guidelines for the management of DPN recommend several symptomatic treatments. First-line therapies include tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, and anticonvulsants that act on calcium channels. Other therapies include opioids and topical agents such as capsaicin and lidocaine. The objectives of this paper are to review current guidelines for the pharmacological management of DPN and to discuss research relevant to the further development of pharmacological recommendations for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Summary Diabetic neuropathy is a highly prevalent, disabling condition, the management of which is associated with significant costs. Evidence supports the use of specific anticonvulsants and antidepressants for pain management in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. All current guidelines advise a personalised approach with a low-dose start that is tailored to the maximum response having the least side effects or adverse events

The effects of social media in the overall job satisfaction of school administrators

Literature suggests school administrator shortages worldwide. A number of factors are blamed for this trend, one of which is overall job dissatisfaction. This case study examines the effects of social media on the overall job satisfaction of five school administrators in small town America. Through semi-structured interviews, this research indicates that school administrators in the study avoid reading the comments section of online news media forums. Research participants share their strategies of working proactively with the press, and they reveal how social media has changed their job. Social media has altered the landscape of what it means to be a school administrator and has indeed adversely affected overall job satisfaction for these educators